The Valley of Gnashing Teeth

Write an essay on how shame becomes envy, how envy finds a crowd, and how the theory of the monster risks becoming monstrous itself. Move from Cain and Abel through biblical valleys of shame, Freud’s envy of potency, Jungian shadow and collective psychology, and the institutional forms of scapegoating—toward a humane recognition that refuses the narcotic relief of a common enemy.

shame, envy, collective psychology, Jung, Freud, biblical symbolism, archetypes, scapegoating